I-Cold chain transportation ibhekisela ekugcineni izinto ezizwelayo kumazinga okushisa njengokudla okonakalayo, imikhiqizo yemithi, nemikhiqizo yebhayoloji ngaphakathi kwebanga lokushisa elishiwo kuyo yonke inqubo yokuthutha nokugcina ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi nokuphepha kwazo.Ukuthuthwa kwe-Cold chain kubalulekile ekugcineni ubusha bomkhiqizo, ukusebenza kahle, nokuvimbela ukulimala komkhiqizo ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa.Nawa amaphuzu abalulekile mayelana nezinto zokuhamba ezibandayo:
1. Ukulawula izinga lokushisa:
-Ukuhamba ngeketango elibandayo kudinga ukulawula izinga lokushisa okunembile, okuvame ukubandakanya izindlela ezimbili: isiqandisi (0 ° C kuya ku-4 ° C) kanye nokubanda (imvamisa -18 ° C noma ngaphansi).Eminye imikhiqizo ekhethekile, njengemithi yokugoma, ingadinga ukuthuthwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu (njengo -70 ° C kuya -80 ° C).
2. Izinyathelo ezibalulekile:
-I-Cold chain ayifaki nje kuphela inqubo yokuthutha, kodwa futhi isitoreji, ukulayisha, nezinqubo zokuthulula.Izinga lokushisa kufanele lilawulwe ngokuqinile kuzo zonke izigaba ukuze kugwenywe noma yikuphi “ukuphuka kweketango elibandayo”, okusho ukuthi ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa akusalawuleki kunoma yisiphi isigaba.
3. Ubuchwepheshe nemishini:
-Sebenzisa izimoto ezikhethekile eziqandisiwe neziqandisiwe, iziqukathi, imikhumbi, nezindiza zokuhamba.
-Sebenzisa izindawo zokugcina izinto eziqandisiwe neziqandisiwe ezindaweni zokugcina izimpahla kanye neziteshi zokudlulisa ukuze ugcine imikhiqizo.
-Ifakwe imishini yokuqapha izinga lokushisa, njengamarekhodi okushisa kanye nezinhlelo zokulandelela izinga lokushisa ngesikhathi sangempela, ukuqinisekisa ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa kulo lonke uchungechunge.
4. Izidingo zokulawula:
-Izinto zokuhamba ezibandayo kufanele zihambisane nemithetho eqinile kazwelonke neyamazwe ngamazwe.Isibonelo, izikhungo ezilawula ukudla nezidakamizwa (ezifana ne-FDA ne-EMA) zisungule izindinganiso zokuthutha ezibandayo zemikhiqizo yezemithi nokudla.
-Kunemithethonqubo ecacile mayelana neziqu zezimoto zokuhamba, izinsiza, kanye nabaqhubi.
5. Izinselele nezisombululo:
-I-Geography nesimo sezulu: Ukugcina izinga lokushisa elingashintshi kunzima kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuthutha ezindaweni eziyingozi kakhulu noma ezikude.
-Ukuqanjwa okusha kwezobuchwepheshe: ukwamukela izinto zokufaka ezithuthuke kakhulu, izinhlelo zokupholisa ezonga amandla kakhudlwana, nokuqapha izinga lokushisa okuthembeke kakhulu kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuqopha idatha.
-Ukwenza kahle kwezinto: Ngokuthuthukisa imizila namasu ezokuthutha, nciphisa isikhathi sokuthutha nezindleko ngenkathi uqinisekisa ubuqotho beketango elibandayo.
6. Ububanzi bohlelo lokusebenza:
-I-Cold chain ayisetshenziswa kuphela ekudleni nasemikhiqizweni yezemithi, kodwa futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuthuthweni kwezinye izinto ezidinga ukulawulwa okuqondile kwezinga lokushisa, njengezimbali, imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali, nemikhiqizo kagesi.
Ukusebenza kahle kwezinto zokuhamba ezibandayo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokuphepha kwabathengi, ikakhulukazi esimeni sokukhula kohwebo lomhlaba wonke kanye nesidingo semikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu.
Wazi kangakanani ngokuqandisa?
Ukubanda kuyindlela yokulondoloza ukudla, izidakamizwa, nezinye izinto ngokwehlisa izinga lokushisa libe ngaphansi kwezinga lokubanda.Lobu buchwepheshe bunganweba ngempumelelo impilo yeshalofu yemikhiqizo, njengoba amazinga okushisa aphansi ehlisa kakhulu ukukhula kwama-microorganisms kanye nesivinini sokuphendula kwamakhemikhali.Okulandelayo ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nokuqandisa:
Izimiso Eziyisisekelo
1. Ibanga lokushisa: Ukubanda ngokuvamile kuhilela ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa lomkhiqizo liye ku -18 ° C noma ngaphansi.Kuleli zinga lokushisa, amanzi amaningi enza amakristalu eqhwa, umsebenzi we-microbial uyama, futhi inqubo ye-metabolic yokudla nayo iyancipha kakhulu.
2. Ukuguqulwa kwamanzi: Phakathi nenqubo yokubanda, amanzi emkhiqizweni aguqulwa abe amakristalu eqhwa, okusiza ukuvimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane kanye nokusabela kwamakhemikhali ukuthi kwenzeke.Kodwa-ke, ukwakheka kwamakristalu eqhwa kungase kuphazamise ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana, okungesinye sezizathu zokuthi kungani ukudla okuqandisiwe kungase kube nezinguquko zokuthungwa ngemva kokuncibilika.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuqandisa
1. Ukubanda okusheshayo: Ukuqhwaza okusheshayo kuyindlela evame ukusetshenziswa enciphisa usayizi wamakristalu eqhwa akhiwa ngaphakathi kokudla ngokwehlisa ngokushesha izinga lokushisa lokudla, okusiza ukuvikela ukwakheka nokuthungwa kokudla.Lokhu kuvame ukufezwa ekukhiqizweni kwezentengiselwano kusetshenziswa imishini esebenza kahle yesiqandisi.
2. Izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu lokuqandisa: Kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile (ezifana nezinkambu ezithile zocwaningo lwesayensi nokugcinwa kokudla okusezingeni eliphezulu), iqhwa eliphansi kakhulu lingase lisetshenziswe, futhi izinga lokushisa lingancishiswa libe -80 ° C noma lehle ukuze kufinyelelwe. isikhathi eside kakhulu sokulondoloza.
3. Isitoreji esiqandisiwe: Ukudla okuqandisiwe kudinga ukugcinwa endaweni efanele yesiqandisi, njengesiqandisi sasekhaya noma indawo yokugcina izinto ezibandayo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukudla kugcinwa endaweni ephephile ngokuqhubekayo.
indawo yesicelo
1. Imboni yokudla: Embonini yokudla, ukuqandisa kuyindlela evamile yokulondoloza, efaneleka ukudla okuhlukahlukene njengenyama, izilwane zasolwandle, ukudla okuphekiwe, imikhiqizo yobisi, izithelo nemifino.
2. Ukunakekelwa kwezempilo: Imithi ethile namasampula ebhayoloji (njengegazi, amaseli, njll.) adinga i-cryopreservation ukuze agcine ukuqina nokusebenza kwawo.
3. Ucwaningo lwesayensi: Ocwaningweni lwesayensi, ubuchwepheshe bokuqandisa busetshenziselwa ukulondoloza amasampula emvelo ahlukahlukene kanye nama-reagents amakhemikhali ukuze kwenziwe ucwaningo lwesikhathi eside nokuhlaziya.
izindaba ezidinga ukunakwa
1. Ukupakisha ngendlela efanele: Ukupakisha ngendlela efanele kubalulekile ukuze kuvinjelwe isithwathwa kanye nokomisa kokudla.Ukusebenzisa izinto zokupakisha ezivikela umswakama futhi ezivalwe kahle kungavikela ukudla.
2. Gwema imijikelezo yokuqhwaza ephindaphindiwe: Imijikelezo yokuqhwaza ephindaphindiwe ingalimaza ukuthungwa nokondleka kokudla, futhi kufanele kugwenywe ngangokunokwenzeka.
3. Ukuncibilika okuphephile: Inqubo yokuncibilika nayo ibaluleke kakhulu, futhi kufanele incibilike kancane kancane esiqandisini, noma incibilikiswe ngokushesha kusetshenziswa i-microwave namanzi abandayo ukuze kuncishiswe ithuba lokukhula kwamagciwane.
Ukuqandisa kuyindlela yokulondoloza ephumelela kakhulu ebambezela kakhulu ukusebenza kwamagciwane kanye nezinguquko zamakhemikhali, okunweba isikhathi seshelufu sokudla nezinye izinto ezibucayi.Izindlela ezilungile zokuqanda nokuncibilikisa zingakhuphula izinga lokudla okunomsoco kanye nezinzwa.
Kungakanani okwaziyo ngesiqandisi?
Isiqandisi indlela yokulawula izinga lokushisa esetshenziselwa ukunweba ukuzinza kwekhwalithi yokudla, imithi, neminye imikhiqizo.Ngokugcina amazinga okushisa engaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elizungezile kodwa ngaphezu kwendawo yokubanda, isiqandisi singanciphisa ukusebenza kwamagciwane, ukusabela kwamakhemikhali, nezinqubo zomzimba, ngaleyo ndlela kulondoloze ubusha nokuphepha kwemikhiqizo.Okulandelayo ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nesiqandisi:
Izimiso Eziyisisekelo
1. Ibanga lokushisa: Iziqandisi ngokuvamile zibhekisela ekugcineni imikhiqizo ebangeni lokushisa elicishe libe ngu-0 ° C kuya ku-8 ° C. Leli banga lokushisa lingabambezela ngempumelelo ukukhula nokukhiqizwa kwamagciwane amaningi, kuyilapho linciphisa ukusebenza kwama-enzyme ekudleni.
2. Ukulawula ukuswakama: Ngaphezu kokulawula izinga lokushisa, umswakama ofanelekile nawo uyisihluthulelo sokugcina izinga lokudla.Imikhiqizo ehlukene idinga amazinga ahlukene omswakamo ohlobene ukuze kwandiswe impilo yeshelufu.
indawo yesicelo
1. Ukulondolozwa kokudla: Ukuqandisa kuyindlela evamile yokugcina ukudla.Ilungele inyama, imikhiqizo yobisi, izithelo nemifino, kanye nokudla okuphekiwe, kusiza ukunciphisa ukonakala kokudla nokugcina ukondleka.
2. Imikhiqizo yezokwelapha: Imithi eminingi, imigomo, kanye nemikhiqizo yebhayoloji idinga ukugcinwa ngaphansi kwezimo zesiqandisi ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kwayo nokuzinza.
3. Amakhemikhali nezinye izinto: Amanye amakhemikhali nezinto zokuhlola nazo kudingeka zifakwe esiqandisini ukuvimbela ukubola noma ukugcina ukusebenza kwazo.
Ubuchwepheshe besiqandisi
1. Imishini yesiqandisi: Impahla yesiqandisi ihlanganisa iziqandisi zasendlini nezentengiso, amakhabethe aqandisiwe, indawo yokugcina abandayo, njll. Lezi zixhobo zingagcina amazinga okushisa aphansi ngokusebenzisa amasistimu okufaka isiqandisi esicindezelayo, ama-absorption chiller, noma obunye ubuchwepheshe besiqandisi.
2. Isiqandisi esihlakaniphile: Imishini yesiqandisi yesimanje ingase ihlanganise izilawuli zokushisa, izinzwa zomswakama, nobunye ubuchwepheshe bokuzenzela, obungaqashwa futhi bulungiswe ngamasistimu ahlakaniphile ukuze kuqinisekiswe izimo zokugcina eziqhubekayo nezizinzile.
Ukunakekela nokuphatha
1. Ukulayisha okulungile: Qinisekisa ukuthi okokusebenza kwesiqandisi akulayishwa ngokweqile nokuthi umoya ungageleza ngokukhululekile phakathi kwemikhiqizo ukuze ulondoloze izinga lokushisa elifanayo.
2. Ukuhlanza njalo: Ukuhlanza njalo okokusebenza kwesiqandisi kuyadingeka ukuze kuvinjwe ukungcola nokugcina imishini isebenza kahle.
3. Ukuqapha izinga lokushisa: Sebenzisa irekhoda lokushisa noma ithemometha ukuze uhlole njalo izinga lokushisa lempahla yesiqandisi ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kwayo okuvamile.
Isiqandisi siyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwansuku zonke, sidlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ukuphepha kokudla, ukusebenza kwezidakamizwa, kanye nezinga leminye imikhiqizo.Ukuphatha isiqandisi ngendlela efanele kanye nobuchwepheshe kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukuphepha kokudla, kunciphise ukungcola, futhi kunikeze izinzuzo zezomnotho kumabhizinisi nakubathengi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-28-2024