Ukuqashwa Okusha Kwe-Taobao Grocery kanye Nokwandiswa Kwemakethe
Muva nje, ukufakwa kuhlu kwemisebenzi ezinkundleni zokuqasha zezinkampani zangaphandle kubonisa ukuthi i-Taobao Grocery iqasha abathuthukisi bebhizinisi (BD) e-Shanghai, ikakhulukazi esifundeni sase-Jiading.Umsebenzi oyinhloko “ukuthuthukisa nokuthuthukisa abaholi beqembu likaTaocai.”Njengamanje, i-Taobao Grocery ilungiselela ukwethula e-Shanghai, kodwa uhlelo lwayo oluncane lwe-WeChat nohlelo lwe-Taobao alukawabonisi amaphuzu eqembu e-Shanghai.
Kulo nyaka, imboni entsha ye-e-commerce isibuyise ithemba, njengoba iziqhwaga ezinkulu ze-e-commerce ezifana ne-Alibaba, Meituan, kanye ne-JD.com ziphinde zingena emakethe.I-Retail Circle ithole ukuthi i-JD.com yethule i-JD Grocery ekuqaleni konyaka futhi selokhu yaqala kabusha imodeli yayo yendlu yokugcina impahla.I-Meituan Grocery iphinde yaqala kabusha izinhlelo zayo zokunweba ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, yandisa ibhizinisi layo ezindaweni ezintsha emadolobheni asezingeni lesibili njengeWuhan, Langfang, kanye neSuzhou, ngaleyo ndlela yandisa isabelo sayo semakethe kwezentengiselwano ezintsha ze-e.
Ngokusho kwe-China Market Research Group, imboni kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele esikalini esingaba yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-100 ngo-2025. Naphezu kokwehluleka kwe-Missfresh, inzuzo ye-Dingdong Maicai inikeze imboni ukuzethemba.Ngakho-ke, njengoba iziqhwaga ze-e-commerce zingena emakethe, ukuncintisana emkhakheni omusha we-e-commerce kulindeleke ukuthi kushube.
01 Impi Iyabusa
I-e-commerce entsha yake yaba umkhuba ohamba phambili emhlabeni wamabhizinisi.Embonini, u-2012 uthathwa “njengonyaka wokuqala we-e-commerce entsha,” enamapulatifomu amakhulu afana ne-JD.com, i-SF Express, i-Alibaba, ne-Suning ezakha awabo amapulatifomu amasha.Kusukela ngo-2014, lapho kungena imakethe yemali, i-e-commerce entsha ingene esikhathini sokuthuthuka okusheshayo.Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi izinga lokukhula komthamo wokwenziwa kwemboni lifinyelele ku-123.07% ngalowo nyaka uwodwa.
Ngemuva kweminyaka eminingana yentuthuko, kwavela umkhuba omusha ngo-2019 ngokukhuphuka kokuthengwa kweqembu lomphakathi.Ngaleso sikhathi, amapulatifomu afana ne-Meituan Grocery, i-Dingdong Maicai, kanye no-Missfresh aqala izimpi zamanani ezishubile.Umncintiswano ubushube ngendlela emangalisayo.Ngo-2020, lo bhubhane unikeze elinye ithuba lomkhakha omusha we-e-commerce, imakethe iqhubeka nokukhula futhi amanani okuthenga akhula.
Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kuka-2021, izinga lokukhula kwe-e-commerce entsha lehla, futhi inzuzo yethrafikhi yaphela.Izinkampani eziningi ezintsha ze-e-commerce zaqala ukudilizwa, izitolo ezivaliwe, futhi zehlisa ukusebenza kwazo.Ngemuva kweminyaka ecishe ibe yishumi yentuthuko, iningi lezinkampani ezintsha ze-e-commerce zisazabalaza ukwenza inzuzo.Izibalo zikhombisa ukuthi emkhakheni omusha we-e-commerce wasekhaya, ama-88% ezinkampani alahlekelwa yimali, ama-4% kuphela aphula, futhi yi-1% kuphela enenzuzo.
Ngonyaka odlule bekuphinde kube nenselelo ye-e-commerce entsha, ngokudilizwa njalo nokuvalwa.U-Missfresh uyekile ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwayo lokusebenza, i-Shihuituan yawa, i-Chengxin Youxuan yashintshwa, kwathi u-Xingsheng Youxuan wavala futhi wadiliza abasebenzi.Kodwa-ke, ukungena ku-2023, lapho iFreshippo yenza inzuzo futhi u-Dingdong Maicai ememezela inzuzo yakhe yokuqala ye-GAAP ye-Q4 2022, kanye ne-Meituan Grocery ecishe yaphuka, i-e-commerce entsha ibonakala ingena esigabeni esisha sokuthuthuka.
Ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, i-JD Grocery yethula buthule, kwathi u-Dingdong Maicai wabamba ingqungquthela yabathengisi, elungiselela imisebenzi emikhulu.Kamuva, i-Meituan Grocery yamemezela ukunwetshwa kwayo e-Suzhou, kwathi ngoMeyi, i-Taocai yaqanjwa kabusha ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi i-Taobao Grocery, yahlanganisa isevisi yokuzitholela wena yosuku olulandelayo i-Taocai kanye nenkonzo yehora yokudiliva i-Taoxianda.Lezi zinyathelo zikhomba ukuthi imboni entsha ye-e-commerce yenza izinguquko ezintsha.
02 Amakhono Okubonisa
Ngokusobala, kusukela kusayizi wemakethe kanye nokubuka kwentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo, i-e-commerce entsha imele ithuba elibalulekile.Ngakho-ke, amapulatifomu amakhulu amasha alungisa ngokuqhubekayo noma athuthukisa izakhiwo zawo zebhizinisi kulo mkhakha.
I-JD Grocery Iqala Kabusha Ama-Warehouses angaphambili:I-Retail Circle ifunde ukuthi kusukela ngo-2016, i-JD.com yayinezinhlelo ze-e-commerce entsha, kodwa imiphumela yayimincane, njengoba intuthuko yayisivivi.Kodwa-ke, kulo nyaka, "ngokuvuselelwa" kwemboni entsha ye-e-commerce, i-JD.com isheshise ukwakheka kwayo kulo mkhakha.Ekuqaleni konyaka, i-JD Grocery yethula buthule, futhi ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, izindawo zokugcina izimpahla ezimbili zaqala ukusebenza eBeijing.
Ama-warehouse angaphambili, imodeli yokusebenza emisha eminyakeni yamuva, ihlukile ezindaweni zokugcina izimpahla eziqhelelene nabathengi abagcina imali ngokuba seduze nemiphakathi.Lokhu kuletha isipiliyoni esingcono sokuthenga kubathengi kodwa futhi nezindleko eziphezulu zomhlaba kanye nezabasebenzi zeplathifomu, yingakho abaningi bengabaza imodeli yendlu yokugcina impahla.
Ku-JD.com, ngohlelo lwayo lwemali oluqinile nolwezinto, le mithelela mincane.Ukwethulwa kabusha kwezindawo zokugcina impahla kuhambisana nesegimenti ekwaziyo ukuzisebenza ye-JD Grocery ngaphambilini, okuyenza ilawuleke kakhudlwana.Ngaphambilini, i-JD Grocery ibisebenza ngemodeli yeplathifomu yokuhlanganisa, ehlanganisa abathengisi bezinkampani zangaphandle abafana ne-Yonghui Superstores, i-Dingdong Maicai, iFreshippo, i-Sam's Club, i-Pagoda, ne-Walmart.
I-Meituan Grocery Inweba Kakhulu:I-Retail Circle ifunde ukuthi i-Meituan iphinde yasheshisa ukwakheka kwayo okusha kwe-e-commerce kulo nyaka.Kusukela ngoFebhuwari, i-Meituan Grocery iqale kabusha uhlelo lwayo lokunweba.Njengamanje, yethule amabhizinisi amasha ezingxenyeni zamadolobha asezingeni lesibili njengeWuhan, Langfang, kanye neSuzhou, ikhulisa isabelo sayo semakethe kwezentengiselwano ezintsha ze-e.
Mayelana nemikhiqizo, i-Meituan Grocery inwebise i-SKU yayo.Ngaphandle kwemifino nezithelo, manje isihlinzeka ngezidingo zansuku zonke ezengeziwe, i-SKU idlula ku-3,000.Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi iningi lezindawo zokugcina izimpahla zaseMeituan ezazisanda kuvulwa ngo-2022 kwakuyizindawo zokugcina izimpahla ezinkulu ezingaphezu kwamamitha-skwele angama-800.Ngokuya nge-SKU kanye nosayizi we-warehouse, i-Meituan iseduze nesitolo esikhulu esimaphakathi nesikhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Retail Circle yaqaphela ukuthi muva nje, i-Meituan Delivery imemezele izinhlelo zokuqinisa uhlelo lwayo lokusebenzisana kokulethwa okusheshayo, ngokubambisana ne-SF Express, FlashEx, kanye ne-UU Runner.Lokhu kubambisana, kuhlanganiswe nesistimu yokulethwa kwe-Meituan, kuzodala inethiwekhi yokulethwa ecebile yabathengisi, okubonisa ukuthambekela okusuka emqhudelwaneni kuya ekusebenzisaneni embonini yokulethwa kwezidingo ngokushesha.
I-Taobao Grocery Igxile Ekudayiseni Okusheshayo:NgoMeyi, i-Alibaba ihlanganise inkundla yomphakathi ye-e-commerce iTaocai nenkundla yayo yokudayisa esheshayo iTaoxianda, yathuthukela kuTaobao Grocery.
Njengamanje, ikhasi eliyisiqalo lohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Taobao sethule ngokusemthethweni indawo yokungena ye-Taobao Grocery, ihlinzeka "ngokulethwa kwehora eli-1" kanye "nosuku olulandelayo lokuzilanda wena" ngamasevisi amasha okudayisa kubasebenzisi emadolobheni angaphezu kuka-200 ezweni lonke.Okwenkundla, ukuhlanganisa amabhizinisi endawo ahlobene nezitolo kungahlangabezana nezidingo zabathengi zokuthenga kanye nje futhi kuthuthukise ulwazi lwabo lokuthenga.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlanganisa amabhizinisi endawo ahlobene nokudayisa kungagwema ngempumelelo ukuhlakazeka kwethrafikhi futhi kunciphise izindleko zokulethwa nokuthengwa kwempahla.Phambilini, inhloko ye-Taobao Grocery yathi isizathu esiyinhloko sokuhlanganisa nokuthuthukisa ukwenza i-Taobao Grocery ishibhile, isha, futhi ilungele abathengi.Ukwengeza, eTaobao, lokhu kuthuthukisa ngokwengeziwe ukwakheka kwayo kwe-e-commerce ecosystem.
03 Ikhwalithi Ihlala Igxile
Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, umkhakha omusha we-e-commerce uvame ukulandela imodeli yokushiswa kwemali nokubamba umhlaba.Uma uxhaso selunciphile, abasebenzisi bavame ukubuyela ezitolo ezinkulu ezingavamile ezingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi.Ngakho-ke, indlela yokugcina inzuzo eqhubekayo kube yinkinga engapheli embonini entsha ye-e-commerce.Njengoba i-e-commerce entsha iqala futhi, i-Retail Circle ikholelwa ukuthi umjikelezo omusha wokuncintisana uzosuka entengo uye kwikhwalithi ngezizathu ezimbili:
Okokuqala, njengoba imakethe ilawulwa kakhulu, izimpi zamanani azisafaneleki endaweni entsha yemakethe.I-Retail Circle ifunde ukuthi kusukela ekupheleni kuka-2020, i-State Administration for Market Regulation kanye noMnyango Wezohwebo bakhiphe "imikhawulo eyisishiyagalolunye" ekuthengeni kweqembu lomphakathi, elawula ngokuqinile ukuziphatha okufana nokulahlwa kwentengo, ukuhlangana kwentengo, ukwehliswa kwentengo, nokukhwabanisa kwentengo.Izigcawu ezinjengokuthi “ukuthenga imifino ngesenti” noma “ukuthenga imifino engaphansi kwenani lentengo” ziye zanyamalala kancane kancane.Ngokufundiwe kwangaphambilini, abadlali abasha be-e-commerce abangena kabusha emakethe cishe bazowayeka amasu “amanani aphansi” ngisho noma amaqhinga abo okunweba ehlala engashintshile.Umjikelezo omusha wokuncintisana uzoba mayelana nokuthi ubani onganikeza isevisi engcono nemikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu.
Okwesibili, ukuthuthukiswa kokusetshenziswa kushukumisela abathengi ukuthi baphishekele ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ngokwandayo.Ngezibuyekezo zendlela yokuphila kanye namaphethini okusetshenziswa avelayo, abathengi baya ngokuya befuna ukunethezeka, impilo, nobungane bemvelo, okuholela ekwenyukeni okusheshayo kwe-e-commerce entsha.Kubathengi abaphishekela ukuphila kwekhwalithi ephezulu, ikhwalithi yokudla nokuphepha kuba bucayi kakhulu, ukwandisa izidingo zabo zokudla zansuku zonke.Izinkundla ezintsha ze-e-commerce kumele zigxile ekwazisweni kwabathengi kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, zihlanganise ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi kanye ne-inthanethi ngaphandle komthungo ukuze zivelele emqhudelwaneni.
Ukwengeza, i-Retail Circle ikholelwa ukuthi eminyakeni emithathu edlule, ukuziphatha kwabathengi kuye kwabunjwa kabusha ngokuphindaphindiwe.Ukukhuphuka kwe-e-commerce ebukhoma inselelo ye-e-commerce yendabuko, ivula indlela yokusebenzisa umfutho kanye nemizwa.Iziteshi zokuthengisa ezisheshayo, ngenkathi zibhekana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa ngokushesha, nazo zadlala indima ebalulekile ngezikhathi ezikhethekile, ekugcineni zithole indawo yazo.
Njengommeli wokusetshenziswa okuthengekayo nokubalulekile, ukuthenga igrosa kunganikeza ithrafikhi ebalulekile kanye nokugeleza kokuhleleka kwamapulatifomu e-e-commerce abhekene nokukhathazeka kwethrafikhi.Ngezibuyekezo zemboni yokuqukethwe kanye nokuphindaphindwa kwe-supply chain, ukusetshenziswa kokudla okuzayo kuzoba inkundla yempi eyinhloko yama-giants.Imboni entsha ye-e-commerce izobhekana nokuncintisana okukhulu nakakhulu okuzayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-04-2024