IHoucheng, 59, idinga ithuba lokufakazela amandla we-hema to liu qiangdong, zhang yong, noJack Ma.
Muva nje, ukuhlehliswa kukaHema okungalindelekile kwe-Hong Kong IPO yayo kungeze elinye iqembu elisemakethe yezitolo ezifuywayo. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, imakethe yeSupermurket engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi ibingaphansi kwefu, ngezindaba zokungavuselelwa, ukuvalwa kwesitolo, nokulahlekelwa njalo ukushaya umbono wokuthi abathengi basekhaya abanamali yokusebenzisa imali. Abanye baze bahlahleke abanikazi bezitolo ezinkulu abasavule iminyango yabo benza kanjalo ngenxa yothando.
Kodwa-ke, izitolo ze-Commuty Chain zithole ukuthi amabhizinisi asezitolo angaphansi afana ne-Aldi, iklabhu likaSam, kanti ama-Costco asavula izitolo ezintsha. Isibonelo, u-Aldi uvule izitolo ezingaphezu kuka-50 eShanghai kuphela eminyakeni emine nje kusukela engena eChina. Ngokufanayo, iklabhu kaSam isheshisa uhlelo lwayo ukuvula izitolo ezintsha ezi-6-7 ngonyaka, ukungena emadolobheni afana noKunshan, uDongguan, uWenzhou, noJinjiang.
Ukwanda okusebenzayo kwezitolo ezingemuva ezimakethe ezihlukene zesiShayina kuqhathaniswa kakhulu ngokuvalwa kwesitolo okuqhubekayo kwezitolo zasendaweni. Amabhizinisi aseSonto asendaweni abhalwe phansi njenge-BBK, Yonghui, uLianhua, iWamart, i-CR Kodwa-ke, ukubheka emhlabeni jikelele, amamodeli amasha alungele imvelo yokusetshenziswa kwesiShayina ayishodayo, nge-hema ibe ngomunye wayo ehlukile.
Ngokungafani neWalmart, ukherrour, i-Sam's Club, i-Costco, noma i-Aldi, imodeli ye-Hema "yokulethwa ekhaya" kungahle kube lula kakhulu ezitolo ezinkulu ukuze zilingise futhi zisungule. Ngemuva kwakho konke, uWalmart, oye wagxila kakhulu emakethe engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi yaseChina iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20, futhi u-Aldi, osanda kungena emakethe yaseChina, zombili zibheka "ukulethwa ekhaya" njengokugxila kwecebo lekusasa.
01 Kungani i-hema ibaluleke ngo- $ 10 billion?
Ukusuka ekubekeni uhlu lwezikhathi ngoMeyi ngokuhlehliswa kwalo okungalindelekile ngoSepthemba, i-hema isiqhubekile nokuvuleka okuvulelekile kwezitolo futhi isheshise ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwayo lokuhlinzekwa komkhiqizo. Uhlu lukaHema lulindelwe ngabomvu, kepha ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, ukuhlehliswa kungenzeka ngenxa yokulinganisa kwalo okulindelwe okulindelwe. Izingxoxo zakuqala zika-Alibaba nabatshalizimali abangaba khona zilinganisela inani le-hema cishe ngama- $ 4 billion, kanti inhloso ye-AliBaba ye-IPO ye-IPO ye-Hema yayingama- $ 10 billion.
Inani langempela le-hema akulona ukugxila lapha, kepha imodeli yayo yokulethwa ekhaya ifanele ukunakwa kwawo wonke umuntu. Izitolo ze-Community Chain zikholwa ukuthi i-hema manje ifana nenhlanganisela yeMeituan, Dada, neClub kaSam. Ngamanye amagama, impahla ebaluleke kakhulu ye-hema ayiyona izitolo zayo ezingokomzimba ezingama-337 kepha uhlelo lomkhiqizo kanye nemodeli yedatha ngemuva kwemisebenzi yayo yokulethwa ekhaya.
Imikhiqizo engaphambili
I-Hema ayigcini nje ngohlelo lokusebenza oluzimele kuphela kepha futhi izitolo ezisemthethweni ze-Flagship kuTaobao, Tmall, Alipay, no-Ele.me, no-Ele.me, no-Ele.me, yonke ingxenye ye-Alibaba Ecosystem ye-Alibaba. Ngokwengeziwe, kunokwesekwa kwesehlakalo kusuka kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinjenge-Xaoohongshu ne-IMAP, ukumboza izimo zabathengi ezivame ukubandakanyeka.
Ngenxa BONAKALA NGOKUPHAKATHI KWAMABHODI ABEZIPHAKATHI, I-Hema ijabulela ithrafikhi engenakuqhathaniswa nezinzuzo zedatha ezidala noma yimuphi umncintiswano wesitolo, kufaka ne-walmart, iMetro, kanye ne-Costco. Isibonelo, uTaobao no-Alipay ngamunye banabasebenzisi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-800 abasebenza njalo ngenyanga (i-MAU), ngenkathi u-Ele.me abe nezigidi ezingama-70.
Kusukela ngoMashi 2022, uhlelo lokusebenza likaHema uqobo lwalunama-mau angaphezu kuka-27 Mau. Uma kuqhathaniswa neklabhu kaSam, u-Costco, kanye no-Yonghui, okusadinga ukuguqula izivakashi zesitolo kubasebenzisi bohlelo lokusebenza, ichibi lethrafikhi elikhona selisenele ukusekela ukuvulwa kwezitolo ezingaphezu kuka-300.
I-Hema ayiyona kuphela ithrafikhi kodwa futhi inothile nedatha. Inokufinyelela kumanani amakhulu emininingwane yokuzivocavoca komkhiqizo kanye nedatha yokusebenzisa kusuka kuTaobao nase-Ele.me, kanye nedatha yokubukeza yomkhiqizo ebanzi kusuka ku-Xiaohongshu kanye ne-Weibo, kanye nedatha ephelele yokukhokha kusuka ku-Alipay emboza izimo ezahlukahlukene ezingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi.
Uhlome ngale mininingwane, i-Hema ingaqonda kahle ukubambisana komphakathi ngamunye. Le nzuzo yedatha inika i-hema ukuqiniseka kokuqashisa ama-storefronts ezifundeni zebhizinisi ezivuthiwe emikhunjini ephakeme kaningana kunentengo yemakethe.
Ngaphezu kwezinzuzo zethrafikhi kanye nedatha, i-hema nayo inamathela okunamanzi aphezulu. Njengamanje, i-hema inabasebenzisi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-60, futhi nabangu-27 million mau, ukunamathela kwayo komsebenzisi kudlula amapulatifomu athandwayo afana ne-XiaoOhongshu ne-BILIBILI.
Uma ithrafikhi nedatha yizisekelo ze-hema, ubuchwepheshe obangelo la mamodeli buphawuleka ngokwengeziwe. Ngo-2019, uHema wethule obala uhlelo lwayo lokusebenza lweRex Retail asebenzayo, olungabonakala njengomgogodla ohlanganisiwe wemodeli ye-hema, ukumboza imisebenzi, izinhlelo zobulungu, izinsizakusebenza zokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakusebenza.
Isipiliyoni sabathengi sikaHema, kufaka phakathi ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ukulethwa kwesikhathi, kanye nensizakalo yokuthengisa ngemuva, kuvame ukunconywa, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yohlelo lweRex. Ngokusho kocwaningo ngamafemu abakeli labathengi, izitolo ezinkulu zikaHema zingaphatha ama-oda angaphezu kuka-10,000 nsuku zonke ngesikhathi sokuphromotha okukhulu, ngamahora aphezulu adlula ama-oda angama-2 500 ngehora. Ukuhlangabezana nezinga lokulethwa kwemizuzu engama-30-60
Ukuze ulondoloze lokhu kusebenza kahle, ukubalwa kokusungula kwesikhathi sangempela, amasistimu wokuphinda usebenzise i-City-Wide, kanye nokuxhumana kwezitolo kanye nama-algoriths ayinkimbinkimbi, okufana nalawo atholakala eMeituan, Dada, naku-DMall.
Izitolo ze-Community Chain zikholelwa ukuthi ekulethweni kwezindawo zokuthengisa ekhaya, ngaphandle kwethrafikhi, idatha nama-algorithm, amandla okukhetha abathengisi abalulekile. Izitolo ezahlukahlukene zibhekelela ububanzi bezimali zabathengi, kanye nezidingo zabathengi ngezikhathi ezithile ziyahlukahluka ngesifunda. Ngakho-ke, ukuthi ngabe i-Merchant Supply Chain ingasekela ukukhethwa komkhiqizo okunamandla kunombundu okhiye wezitolo ezinkulu ezihlose ukugqama ekulethweni kwasekhaya.
Ukukhetha kanye nokuhlinzekwa kothile
I-Sam's Club kanye ne-Costco basebenzise iminyaka behlonipha amakhono abo okukhetha, futhi i-hema ibilokhu icwengile ezayo iminyaka eyisikhombisa. IHema iphishekela uhlelo lomthengi olufana ne-SAM's Club kanye ne-Costco, lihlose ukulandelela i-Supply Chain libuyele emthonjeni walo, kusuka ezintweni ezingavuthiwe kuya kwinqubo yokukhiqiza, kudala izindaba zomkhiqizo ezihlukile zokwehlukana komkhiqizo.
I-Hema iqale ikhomba izindawo zokukhiqiza umgogodla womkhiqizo ngamunye, iqhathanisa nabathengisi, bese ikhetha izinto eziphakeme kakhulu eziluhlaza kanye nefektri efanelekile ye-OEM. IHema ihlinzeka ngefektri ngezinqubo ezijwayelekile, amadizayini wokupakisha, nohlu lwezithako, ukuqinisekisa imikhiqizo ihlangabezana namazinga athile. Ngemuva kokukhiqizwa, imikhiqizo ihlolwa kwangaphakathi, ukuthengiswa komshayeli, kanye nempendulo ngaphambi kokusatshalaliswa ezitolo ezweni lonke.
Ekuqaleni, uHema wazabalaza ngokuthola okuqondile kodwa ekugcineni wathola isigqi sawo ngokuqondile izisekelo zokutshala, ukusungula izindawo ezingama-185 "ezidolobhaneni laseHanba eHebei, naseGashora Village eHebei, naseGashora Village eRwanda, enikela ngemikhiqizo engama-699.
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Sam's Club kanye ne-Costco's Proculment Activations, "i-Hema Village" yeHema yakha amaketanga aqinile endawo, ukuhlinzeka ngezindleko ezibalulekile kanye nokwehlukanisa.
Ubuchwepheshe kanye nokusebenza kahle
Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Rex's Rex Retail luhlanganisa izinhlelo eziningi, kufaka phakathi imisebenzi yesitolo, ubulungu, izinsiza, kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakusebenza, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokukhushulwa okukhulu, izitolo ezinkulu zikaHema zingaphatha ama-oda wansuku zonke ayi-10,000, ngamahora aphezulu adlula ama-oda angama-2 500 ngehora. Ukuhlangabezana ne-30-60 Ukulethwa Kwemizuzu kudinga ukuphathwa kokusungula okuqondile kwesikhathi sangempela, izinhlelo zokuphindaphinda, umzila wobubanzi bedolobha, kanye nokuxhumana nezinto ezivela eceleni, ezisekelwa ngama-algorithms ayinkimbinkimbi.
Amamethrikhi wokulethwa ekhaya
Izitolo ezingama-138 ze-Hema zisebenza njengamayunithi ahlanganisiwe weWarehouse-Store Units, enikeza ama-6,000-8,000 skus ngesitolo ngasinye, ene-1,000 ye-Skus enezinkulungwane ezinobungani, ehlanganisa ama-20% aphelele. Amakhasimende ngaphakathi kwe-3-Kilometer Radius angajabulela ukulethwa kwamahhala kwemizuzu engama-30. Izitolo ezivuthiwe, ezisebenzayo iminyaka engaphezu kwe-1.5, zingama-1,200 ama-oda we-inthanethi nsuku zonke, ngokuthengisa online okufaka isandla ngaphezulu kwama-60% wemali ephelele. Inani le-oda elijwayelekile licishe libe ngu-100 RMB, ngemali engenayo yansuku zonke edlula ama-800,000 RMB, ukufeza ukusebenza kahle kokuthengisa amahlandla amathathu anezitolo ezinkulu.
02 Kungani i-hema ukuphela komncintiswano kwamehlo kaWalmart?
Umongameli we-Walmart china ne-CEO, u-zhu Xiaojing, washo ngaphakathi ukuthi i-hema ukuphela komncintiswano weklabhu yakwaSam eChina. Ngokuya kokuvulwa kwezitolo ngokomzimba, i-hema ngempela laginsa ngemuva kweminyaka engama-40 esebenza ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40 enezitolo ezingaphezu kuka-800 emhlabeni jikelele, kufaka phakathi ama-40 eChina. I-Hema, enezitolo ezingama-337, kufaka phakathi izitolo ezingamalungu ayi-9 kuphela ze-X X, zibonakala zincane ngokuqhathaniswa.
Kodwa-ke, ekulethweni kwasekhaya, igebe eliphakathi kweklabhu leSam neHema alibalulekile. I-Sam's Club yangena ekulethweni kwasekhaya ngonyaka ka-2010, ngemuva kweminyaka emine ngemuva kokungena eChina, kodwa ngenxa yemikhuba yabathengi evuthiwe, insizakalo yayekwa ngokuthula ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa. Kusukela lapho, iklabhu kaSam ivele ngokuqhubekayo imodeli yayo yokulethwa ekhaya.
Ngo-2017, faka inethiwekhi yayo yesitolo kanye nama-warehouse angaphambili (ama-SAREHOUSE AMAHHALA), iklabhu ye-SAM iqale "ukulethwa kwezidingo" eShenzhen, eBeijing naseShanghai, ukusheshisa ukukhula kwalo kwasekhaya. Njengamanje, iklabhu kaSam isebenza ngenethiwekhi yama-WAREHehouse e-Cloud, ngakunye ukulethwa ngokushesha edolobheni layo elifanele, elinezindawo zokugcina indawo ezingamafu ezilinganiselwa ezweni lonke, ukuzuza amavolumu aphambili we-Movorum kanye nokusebenza kahle.
Imodeli yebhizinisi le-Sam's Club, ehlanganisa izitolo ezinkulu ngezindawo zokugcina izindlu ezinamafu, iqinisekisa ukulethwa okusheshayo nokuhlanganiswa, okuholela emiphumeleni emihle yansuku zonke, nama-oda we-shanghai afinyelela kuma-oda ansuku zonke angama-3,000 kanye nenani le-oda eliphakathi nendawo elidlula ama-RMB. Lesi sikhundla sokusebenza sam iklabhu kaSam njengomholi embonini.
Ukungabaza kukaJonghui ukuthengisa kuJD
Yize uYonghui akazange ababambe ukunakwa kwabaphathi bakwaWalmart, imizamo yayo esebenzayo ekulethweni kwezidingo zasekhaya, okwenza kube yisibonelo esiphawulekile.
Emelele okwedlule kwezitolo ezinkulu zendabuko zaseChina, i-YongHhii isibonelo esiyingqayizivele sebhizinisi lesitolo sendawo esikhule naphezu komncintiswano ezivela ezingxoxweni zakwamanye amazwe. Njengezitolo ezinkulu zezitolo ezinkulu, i-Yonghui yamukele amapulatifomu akwa-inthanethi kanye nokulethwa kwasekhaya, ukuba ngumholi phakathi kwamabhizinisi asezitolo zasendaweni.
Naphezu kwezinselelo eziningi kanye nokuqulwa kwecala okuqhubekayo, i-Yonghui isiphenduke umholi wesitolo sendabuko esisekhaya ekulethweni kwasekhaya, okunamanzi angaphezu kwayi-940 e-commerce ukulethwa ekhaya kanye nemali engenayo yonyaka edlula eyi-10 billion RMB.
Ama-e-commerce warehouse kanye nemali engenayo
Ngokusukela ngo-Agasti 2023, uYonghui usebenza ngama-940 e-commerce warehouse, okuhlanganisa nama-warehouse aphelele angama-135 (ukumboza ama-arevis angama-15), nezinsuku ezingama-22 ze-satellite (emboza ama-chongqiiting, fuzhou, kanye neBeijing). Phakathi kwazo, ngaphezu kwe-100 izindlu zokugcina izinto ezinkulu zangaphambili zamamitha-skwele angama-800-1000.
Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, imali engenayo yebhizinisi lase-YongHhii yafinyelela ku-7.92 billion RMB, i-accounting ye-18.7% yemali yayo ephelele, enenzuzo engcono yonyaka edlula i-RMB eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-16. Ibhizinisi le-Jonhui elizisebenzelayo lekhaya lihlanganisa izitolo ezingama-946, akhiqiza ama-RMB ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-496 ngokuthengisa, ngesilinganiso semiyalo yansuku zonke engama-295,000 kanye nesilinganiso sokuhlenga sanyanga zonke sama-48.9%. Ibhizinisi layo lesiteji sendawo yesithathu lihlanganisa izitolo ezingama-922, zikhiqiza ama-RMB ezi-3,86 billion ezitolo, ukukhuphuka kweminyaka engu-10,9%, ngesilinganiso semiyalo yansuku zonke yansuku zonke.
Naphezu kwempumelelo yayo, i-Yonghui ayinalo idatha enkulu yabathengi ye-Alibaba's Ecosystem noma i-Walmart's Global's Global Supply Supply Chain, okuholela ezingqinamba eziningi. Noma kunjalo, ubambisene nobambiswano lweJD Daojia neMeituan ukufezekisa i-RMB engaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyishumi ekuthengisweni ngo-2020.
Uhambo lukaYonghui ekulethweni kwasekhaya lwaqala ngoMeyi 2013 ngokuqalwa kwesiteshi esithi "Half Half isibhakabhaka" esiteshini sokuthenga kwiwebhusayithi yaso, ekuqaleni kukhawulelwe kuFuzhou futhi kunikeze amaphakheji okudla kumasethi. Lo mzamo wokuqala wehlulekile ngenxa yokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi ompofu kanye nezinketho ezikhawulelwe zokulethwa.
NgoJanuwari 2014, uJonghui wethule uhlelo lokusebenza lwe- "YongHhii Weidian" ngoku-oda kwe-inthanethi kanye nokushayela okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, ekuqaleni kutholakala ezitolo eziyisishiyagalombili eFuzhou. Ngo-2015, uYonghui wethula uhlelo lokusebenza lwe- "YongHuii Life," enikeza uhla oluningi lokushisa okuphezulu okuthe xaxa kanye nokuhamba okusheshayo okunezinsizakalo zokulethwa okusheshayo, kugcwaliswe nguJD Daojia.
Ngo-2018, uJonghui wathola ukutshalwa kwezimali ku-JD ne-tencent, ekwakheni ubudlelwano obujulile ku-traffic, ukumaketha, ukukhokha kanye nezinto. NgoMeyi 2018, uYonghui wethule "indawo yokugcina yakwa-satellite" yayo yokuqala eFuzhou, enikeza ukulethwa kwemizuzu engama-30 ngaphakathi kwe-3-Kilometer Radius.
Ngo-2018, ukwahlukanisa kwangaphakathi kwa-Yonghui kwangaphakathi ku-YongHui Cloud Cloud, kugxile emafomethini amasha, kanye nesuphamakethe ye-Yonghui, kugxile kumafomethi endabuko. Naphezu kwezingqinamba zokuqala, ukuthengiswa kwe-inthanethi kukaJonghui kwakhula kakhulu, kufinyelela ku-7.3 billion RMB ngonyaka we-2017, 16.8 billion RMB ngonyaka we-2018, kanye nama-35.Izigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-RMB ngonyaka ka-2019.
Ngo-2020, ukuthengiswa kukaJonghui online kufinyelelwe ama-RMB ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-10.45 Ngo-2021, ukuthengiswa kwe-inthanethi kufinyelelwe ku-13.13 billion RMB, ukukhuphuka okungama-25,6%, okubalwa yi-14.42% yemali ephelele. Ngo-2022, ukuthengiswa kwe-inthanethi kukhule ku-15.936 billion RMB, ukukhuphuka okungama-21.37%, ngesilinganiso semiyalo yansuku zonke engama-518,000.
Naphezu kwalezi zinto ezifeziwe, uYonghui wabhekana nokulahleka okukhulu ngenxa yokutshalwa kwezimali okuphezulu ezindaweni zokugcina impahla ngaphambili kanye nomthelela wobhubhane, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwe-3.944 billion RMB ngo-2022 kanye ne-2.763 billion RMB ngo-2022.
Ukugcina
Yize uJonghui ebhekene nezinselelo eziningi kune-hema ne-Sam's Club, imizamo yayo ekulethweni kwasekhaya iye yavikela i-foabonild emakethe. Njengoba izitolo ezisheshayo ziyaqhubeka zikhula, uYonghui unamandla okusizakala kulo mkhuba. Isikhulu Esisha se-LI Songfeng sesivele siyifezile i-KPI yakhe yokuqala, ukuguqula ukulahleka kuka-YongHui's 2023 H1 kube inzuzo.
Njenge-hema ceo hou yi, owayengu-JD Executive Li Songfeng uhlose ukuhola i-yonghui emakethe yezitolo ezisheshayo, ebeka izindaba ezintsha embonini. UHou Yi ungafakazela ukwahlulela kwakhe ngezinkundla zokuthengisa zaseChina, futhi uLingfeng angabonisa amandla amabhizinisi asendaweni asemashadini endabeni ye-post-pandemic.
Isikhathi sePosi: Jul-04-2024